If a Narcissist Unexpectedly Appears in Your Life

What a person without narcissism needs to understand about a person with narcissism is one simple word: won’t. The person with narcissism won’t understand, won’t realize, won’t empathize, and won’t change.

No matter what one says or does, no matter how vulnerably one reveals or starkly one demonstrates, no matter how impeccable the facts one cites, the elegance of one’s logic, the passion of one’s outrage, or the eloquence of one’s appeals to humanity or rule of law, the person won’t say or do anything other than what the person is saying or doing right now, regardless of what the person might have said or done previously.

Logical, rational, insightful, informed, well-meaning, moral people who have someone appear in their lives who has narcissism will end up in paralyzed, demoralized despair if they keep pulling the hope lever. Wishfully, wistfully thinking “If only they…” and making one more attempt, then one more, results only in exhaustion, sometimes in punishment. Nothing can be done. The person simply won’t.

If a narcissist unexpectedly appears in your life

How can this be? Psychologically-minded people might attempt to analyze what’s going on within the person with narcissism. They may gain expert insight into the origins, manifestations, and recommended treatments for this person’s particular form. Their smarts and efforts are for naught. The person won’t.

That means that no matter how keen probability models might be, no prediction about the words or actions of a person with narcissism is possible.

People who have a person with narcissism appear in their lives are plunged into a chaotic reality. What happens next is unpredictable and intermittently volatile, and they are powerless to influence any of it. The new reality operates in opposition to all natural laws of human connection. People logically begin to question themselves. “He/she is a person, I’m a person, and we should be able to understand each other. If we can’t, it must be my fault. I’m not trying hard enough, I’m not saying or doing things in the right way, I’m not good enough…” No matter what one tries, says or does, no matter how one attempts to transform and improve, the person won’t. Minds and hearts break under such circumstances.

In situations where interacting with a person with narcissism is optional, people usually opt out. However, if a person with narcissism appears in one’s life in a position of power from which one cannot extricate oneself, perhaps as a partner, parent to one’s child, neighbor, boss, even chief executive, only one priority can exist: safety.

Safety has to be the one and only goal because no other goals are possible. The person won’t hold to negotiated agreements no matter how contractually we obligate him or her. Deal-breaking can range from showing up late for our coffee date, to breaking our terms of engagement when discussing conflicts, to delayed paperwork. Protesting, “Yes, but you said!” is based on the fallacy in logic that a person with narcissism operates with a knowable code. Unless they’re keeping their word right now, in this moment, whether or not they will do so in the future is an unknown.

The only way to deal with someone with narcissism in a position of power is to accept powerlessness rather than to resist it. This requires initially overriding one’s survival instinct to do anything and everything to right wrongs and create life-nourishing stability. Paradoxically, accepting the reality of unchangeability and volatility creates a different kind of power: the power of strategy.

The only triumph over a person with narcissism in a position of power is to outlast them and, while doing time, outgrow them. People move on, lose favor, age or weaken, and so, too, eventually, will the person with narcissism in your life.

That means developing the ability to access to one’s full heart and full mind at all times, developing excruciatingly, on-going, meticulous control over one’s potential reactions, and using discernment, moment to moment, about what to say or do, or not say or not do, all with the intent to foster one’s ability to protect oneself and others and to grow. No more is one dissipated by attempting the impossible, i.e. to influence the other person by pleasing, appealing, arguing or explaining. One acknowledges that both too much and too little may escalate the interaction and provoke attack. One accepts that what one says and does has no discernible causal power over the other person’s reaction, only over how one builds one’s own inner power or weakens it. And to do that in the next moment. And the next one.

To use one’s energies on oneself and one’s purpose – safety for self and others – rather than on the impossibility of the other person, frees one to grow the power, strength, fitness and endurance of one’s own heart and mind to be able to handle whatever happens. Further, “strength in numbers” is a cliché because it’s true. One can examine which relationships one has that are strengthening, and work on deepening those and building new ones.

The corollary to this is to have as little private, unwitnessed contact as possible with the person with narcissism and to remove oneself from such situations as soon as possible. People with narcissism can be highly adept at engendering self-doubt about one’s own perception of reality and one’s own worth and competence as a person. Alone time can trigger the conditioned response of pulling the hope lever. Alone time drains energy rather than restores it.

In addition, attempting to understand and or empathize with a person with narcissism, or speculating whether or not the person is impaired and could be treated and healed, wastes precious resources that could be used for growth. No matter what, the person won’t. That is the state of things.

People who are imprisoned, whether physically, emotionally, relationally or politically, have choices about how they spend their time. The walls are what they are. If someone with narcissism has unexpectedly appeared in your life, this is my advice: Master yourself, grow yourself, take care of yourself and your fellow inmates, protect yourself and others the best you can, perform triage in aftermaths, and prepare to be able to access your full heart, full mind and wise strategy for the day when the person with narcissism is just about to harm the children.

Image: iStockphoto

It’s Just Hard

One month ago, on the eve of my 58th birthday, I fell down a short series of stairs in the dark and broke my foot. That morning, as I had nearly every morning for a decade, I exercised. I ran 3 miles on so many days a week for so many years that I didn’t break a sweat or breathe hard. On non-running days, I swam 30 minutes straight, again, without losing my breath. I lifted weights each week with a trainer and didn’t get sore. I concentrated on consistency and form and, at 57, except for belly fat, had solid fitness, a low pulse rate and good muscle tone.

Broken foot and elder catToday, I am deciding whether or not the trips around my house in a walking boot to gather my things, the trip to the car in the boot, taking off the boot, getting in the car and driving with a sore foot, arriving at the pool, putting on the boot, getting out of the car and walking to the locker room, taking off the boot, and limping to the pool to get in it, making my foot sore from swimming, and then going through the reverse is worth it. It will take about 2 hours to do a 20-minute swim. I’ve had chronic pain in my back and hamstring from old injuries that exercise manages. They’re aching away, along with my foot in its boot.

I feel like I’m decomposing, like a pile of leaves, little particles dropping off bit by bit from my structure.

People break bones all the time. Why am I having such trouble? I’ve known a long time that I’ve got some conditions in my life that aren’t helpful to handling the human condition, whether a stubbed toe or a broken foot. I’m partner-less, childless, motherless, and live alone. I work at part-time jobs primarily out of a home office. Most of my work involves process rather than results. I’ve had trouble finding groups and communities in which I feel a sense of belonging. In isolation, each experience can feel magnified.

Oh, yeah. And that other thing. Fucking alcoholism.

I have worked my ass off to not have this. For four solid years, I have longed to drink and not. I have tried every treatment I could access, tried every way of thinking and re-thinking and feeling and re-feeling and doing and doing differently and it just won’t let up. I am exhausted.

I didn’t know how much my daily freedom to exercise intensely to my heart’s content and my mind’s calming and my body’s relieving meant to me until I lost it.

I continue to marvel at how people who have this condition, and don’t have the resources I have, stay abstinent. I have employment, housing, transportation, health insurance. And a gym membership. Maybe they make it because they have someone who loves them? I have people who love me, of course, but at a distance. As it should be. They’re living their lives. I am to live mine, too.

How to live a solitary life with a chronic illness? Gee. It’s just not the question I expected to answer at 58. Barbie, Ken, Baby, Cinderella, Handsome Prince. That’s my paradigm!

Yesterday was hard, today is hard, and tomorrow will be hard.

That’s actually been mostly what it’s been like to be me during these four years of abstinence from alcohol.

For me, turning towards the truth, not away from it, is a relief. And the truth is that this is just hard as hell, harder than I ever could have anticipated, possibly harder than I have the capacity for. And way harder than anyone who’s tried to help me has found it to be. This just seems intractable. And it may be. I just might not triumph. Okay! That’s the deal!

I think it was my 8th grade math teacher, Mrs. Hooper, who first taught me how to do proofs: start with the givens. Given that 1) today will be a day of deprivation, i.e. no alcohol and no significant exercise, both of which would offer a blessed break, 2) today will be a day of above average physical pain, 3) nothing known today can make tomorrow better, 4) intimate, connected contact won’t happen, but general contact might, 5) the top recommendation for politics-induced anxiety is, wait for it, physical activity, how, Anne, would you like to spend the day?

I would like to write a blog post on my blog stating my truth, and I would like to say, yeah, I might relapse but it won’t mean much of anything, just a bout with a chronic illness after a pretty significant period of remission.

I would like to give swimming a go, I would like to try to use Uber to get to the Neuroscience of Addiction class I’ve been given permission to attend at noon, I would like to anticipate that my elder cat might sleep on my chest during a nap, I would love a post-nap Starbuck’s coffee but that requires the boot so I dunno, I would like to wait on my younger cat who has me on an intermittent but insistent schedule, I would like to (sigh, see, this is where the despair starts) eat a pleasant dinner at home, but everything makes me fatter and I have no groceries and wouldn’t know what to put on the list if someone wanted to shop for me, and I would like to try to just be there for myself today, moment to moment, truthfully. No demoralizingly simplistic slogans, no admonitions to serve others, no phony rah-rah. Just be there for myself and acknowledge to myself that, yes, this is really tough and it’s probably just going to be a moment-to-moment thing. And not push, or scold, or measure myself. Just keep myself company through a really hard time.

Care to Join Me in a Month Off from Alcohol in January?

Want to join me in a month off from alcohol?

Beautiful but empty champagne glassI asked the same question last year, and was delighted to hear privately from several people that they gave Dry January a try and were both enlightened and pleased by the results.

I’ve included excerpts from last year’s post, plus updates.

Here’s a helpful article published 12/21/16 by Medical News Today on the physical benefits of a month off from alcohol. A debate in The BMJ questioned the potential good vs. potential harm of Dry January, but a recent study states, “The findings suggest that participation in abstinence challenges such as Dry January may be associated with changes toward healthier drinking.”

The HBO film Risky Drinking was released in December 2016 (which I recommended viewing, with these caveats). The film’s home page links to this brief and straightforward drinking self-assessment from the NIH.

In Do You Think I Have a Drinking Problem?, I wrote of my relief that people feel comfortable and free to ask me about drinking, both for themselves and for loved ones. “How do you feel when you don’t drink?” is a key question to ask. Taking some time off from drinking can help provide the answer.

I was abstinent from alcohol for 4 years on December 28, 2016. I am abstinent today, I will join you in abstinence during Dry January, but I’ll keep going in February and March and… As a result of the still unknown brain malfunctions that shift voluntary sipping to involuntary drinking, I developed an alcohol use disorder and, for my particular case, need to abstain, well, forever.

I absolutely loved champagne. If you’re still drinking, savor just a sip for me on New Year’s Eve. (Just a sip. There’s actually no cure for a hangover and it is, according to Dr. Laura Veach, “a form of alcohol withdrawal at its most benign.”) Then on January 1, I’d love to join you in being abstinent together and seeing what insights unfold!

. . . . .

Note: If you experience any physical, mental or emotional changes when you delay or do without alcohol, see a health care provider ASAP. Alcohol dependence and alcohol use disorders are serious health conditions for which treatment is available. The NIAA recommends the first step is consulting with a primary care physician.

And a grim but potentially motivating statistic to help us all help each other get help when we need it, from page 30 of the Surgeon General’s report: “1 in 10 deaths among working adults are due to alcohol misuse.”

The content of this post is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical or professional advice. Consult a qualified health care professional for personalized medical and professional advice.

Last updated 1/13/17

What I Know After 4 Years of Sobriety

Four years ago today, I did something I hadn’t done in the preceding 6 years. I did not take a drink of wine or beer or any other type of alcohol.

Early December 2012I didn’t know at the time – but it is known definitively today thanks to the newly released Surgeon General’s report on addiction – that I had developed a brain disorder that manifests as an inability to stop a behavior despite negative consequences. The negative consequences I am open to sharing that I experienced from drinking alcohol are injuring myself from falls and saying things to beloved others that I still profoundly regret. After each incident of harm to myself or others, I continued to drink alcohol.

Unfortunately, I cannot tell you specifically what made December 27, 2012 the day I finished all the wine in the house, then had none the next day. In common parlance, I had no “bottom.” I can’t explain how I was able to override the neurobiology of addiction one day – now numbering 4 years worth of days – but not in the previous days. I cannot identify which, if any, of the probably 100 strategies that I attempted continuously, actually did help me abstain from alcohol. Not knowing is a precarious position to be in because I neither know what exactly to do to help myself today or tomorrow, or exactly what to advise others to do to help themselves.

Here are some things I do know:

I am not an alcoholic. I am a person who has developed a grave brain illness, a medical condition termed a substance use disorder. According to the Surgeon General’s report, the three components of evidence-based treatment for substance use disorders, named in order in the report, are medications and medication-assisted treatment, behavioral therapies, and recovery support services. I do not need to change my identity to the name of an illness.  If I suspect I have a substance use disorder, I need to get myself to a doctor.

I understand why people believe I have a moral, mental, or psychological problem – even a spiritual one – rather than a medical condition. My words and actions may well be immoral. Tragically, substance use disorders compromise networks involving the brain’s basal ganglia, extended amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, areas directly responsible for decision-making and impulse control. Many people who love those with substance use disorders find themselves appalled and anguished by the Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde transformations that occur in their good-natured, delightful loved ones. Neuroscience will continue to further explain the cause-and-effect relationships between brain malfunctions and behavior, as well as specific brain structures to target for addictions treatment.

I have an illness which is not curable but is considered to be, according to the Surgeon General’s report, in remission after 4 to 5 years. If I can abstain from substances problematic for me, or in some cases and for some substances, take them as prescribed or, take them as I – in consultation with my treatment team – have concluded works best for me, my odds of a return to problematic use decline dramatically. Personally, I feel better now than I have in 4 years. Perhaps that is due, not to anything I have done, but to the time my particular brain has needed to heal in the absence of the neurotoxin of alcohol. But I don’t know and can’t know for sure.

Brain impairments resulting from substance use disorders are not repaired automatically and immediately by abstinence. Therefore, even if I am abstinent or following my physician’s orders with regard to substances, my words, actions and thinking may confuse me and you. With time, my brain may repair itself or find alternate paths for connections. Expecting myself to return to my pre-use functioning, especially early on, may be frustratingly disappointing to others and dangerously disappointing to me.

I used alcohol for reasons, some of which were unknown to me. When I stopped using alcohol, those banked reasons came back as dragon heads roaring flames. I have no idea how I survived the fire, nor how I kept from returning to alcohol for blessed relief from the burning.

I will never again have the inner experience of oneness with love, comfort and relief I had while I was drinking. Nothing I have done or tried in the past 4 years has even approached generating the feeling alcohol gave me. That makes perfect sense. Alcohol is a substance that chemically takes the brain where it can’t go on its own. My inner experience while drinking was a chemically induced illusion. Every day I don’t drink is a day I deny myself the best feeling I have ever, ever had. So far, I have been able to live without it. In this post, I have included a photo of me intoxicated in early December of 2012. I hope we will never see again that wine-magnified look of joy on my face. Painful. But I get it, and I’m mostly okay with it.

I have more than my share of resources to try anything and everything not to take a drink. I have income and savings, a home, a car, health insurance, and emotional and financial support from my family. I can pay to consult with doctors, psychologists, psychiatrists and other health care professionals to help me.

During one near-relapse, when nothing I could think of to do was helping – and I still believed I had a moral condition instead of a medical one – I had a last-ditch, desperate, radical idea to call my primary care physician’s office for an emergency appointment. The sympathetic assistant squeezed me in, I drove myself to the office, paid the co-pay, and sat on my doctor’s exam table and just cried. I have no idea why or how seeing my doctor helped, but it did. Looking back, the extensive resources, infrastructure and network of connections required to get same-day personal support from a medical professional are available, frankly, only to the privileged. Addiction, however, is over-represented among the poor.

I committed malpractice against myself by attending support groups as treatment for alcoholism instead of getting medical and professional care. As well-meaning and helpful as volunteers at support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous and SMART Recovery might be (these are the substance use disorder support groups available in my town), layperson survivors are not qualified to provide treatment for the brain illness of addiction, for the co-occurring mental and physical illnesses that usually accompany it, nor for the danger and distress of abstinence. According to the Surgeon General’s report, and in my personal experience, support groups can certainly provide the social support beneficial to recovery from addiction, but they’re not treatment. (This guide for treating alcoholism has been available from NIAA since 2014 and advises beginning with a visit to one’s primary care physician.)

“Little is known about the factors that facilitate or inhibit long-term recovery from substance use disorders or how the brain changes over the course of recovery.”
– Page 2-25, “Chapter 2. The Neurobiology of Substance Use, Misuse, and Addiction,” Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon General’s Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health

I know what I don’t know. If you ask me for help with a suspected drinking problem, overuse of painkillers, or worries about any other substances – or with activities such as gambling, gaming, shopping or porn – the first words you won’t hear from me are, “What you should do is ____.” Not only do I not know what you should do, even the Surgeon General doesn’t know.

What you’ll get from me first is empathy, compassion and respect. Then, you’ll get help from me with access to evidence-based care. Given that we at least all know now what the Surgeon General does know – that medications and medication-assisted treatment, behavioral therapies, and recovery support services don’t cure but can assist with substance use problems – we’ll talk about what might be most helpful to do next for you.

. . . . .

The opinions expressed here are mine alone and do not necessarily reflect the positions of my associates, clients, employers or relatives.

This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical or professional advice. Consult a qualified health care professional for personalized medical and professional advice.

Last updated 12/30/16

A Paradoxically Cautionary and Insistent Recommendation to Watch ‘Risky Drinking’

For society, sure, the central problem with alcoholism is alcohol and the behaviors that result when a person is using it or continues to use it. But for a person with alcoholism, the central problem isn’t alcohol. It’s abstinence. For a person with alcoholism or other substance use disorders, the anguish, enormity and complexity of the inner experience of abstinence is usually beyond bearing.

This inner experience is portrayed painfully and poignantly in HBO’s documentary, Risky Drinking, released December 19, 2016. The film follows the alcohol use of four people, considered “risky drinkers. Here’s a link to more about the film.

“People don’t drink because they’re crazy; they drink because it works in some way.”
– Carrie Wilkens, Ph.D., interviewed in Risky Drinking and quoted on the film’s site and interviewed for The Fix

The discussion guide for Risky Drinking includes this caution: “Before you watch, a note of caution: this film contains content and images that some – especially those struggling with an alcohol use disorder – may find disturbing.”

Results from RethinkingDrinking.com
I would extend that caution. Both those struggling with alcohol use disorder – and those who love them and have tried to help them – might find the film disturbing, even traumatizing. As someone in both categories, I had to take a break midway, and still found myself sobbing helplessly at the end.

With 4 years of abstinence from alcohol, I’m in the early part of the 4-5 year range named in the Surgeon General’s report on addiction to be considered in remission from alcohol use disorder, but I am determinedly trained in emotion regulation skills, primarily through dialectical behavior therapy, DBT, so I was able to do what I needed to do to handle images in the film. Top precursors for return to active use for those with substance use disorders are 1) stress/distress and 2) environmental cues. Film viewers will experience #1 and may experience #2. For some people, viewing Risky Drinking may be too risky. Those with less time abstinent or nascent self-soothing skills may want to wait to watch it.

If you can tolerate watching Risky Drinking, then it’s a must-watch. While I appreciate that over 2 million American are estimated to have opioid use disorder, over 16 million Americans are estimated to have alcohol use disorder. If the first number qualifies as a crisis, the second qualifies as an apocalypse. In Risky Drinking, you will see what I have seen in myself, what I have seen in and heard from others, and what plagues of Americans. I know all the people in this film, personally and professionally, just by different names.

And I am one of them.

I unequivocally recommend taking the drinking pattern self-assessment on the Rethinking Drinking site linked to from the Risky Drinking site, produced by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), a part of the National Institutes of Health. It only has two questions. Yesterday, I entered numbers on the low side for my drinking pattern before I began abstaining nearly 4 years ago at the end of 2012. I’ve included a screenshot of my results.

The producers would like to thank the participants in this documentary for sharing their varying struggles with alcohol, in their desire to help others.

Their participation took great courage.
Risky Drinking

In early 2012, my individual counselor told me of this NPR story on a CDC report on women and drinking. I remember reading it, then looking for and taking online self-assessments, none as clear and definitive as the one offered on the Rethinking Drinking site, and feeling a growing sense of horror. Nor did I find such helpful, supportive suggestions as these. I did try harder to cut back and to stop, but abstinence itself induced the primary precursor to relapse: stress and distress.

If I realized I had a drinking problem today in 2016, I can’t know if I would have done things differently than I did in 2012. But I can’t have done worse. I told no one, including my counselor, physician,  family members or friends. I drank nearly the full amount I had been drinking every day prior, then, without detox, headed to a support group. While the people in support groups have been lovely, the Surgeon General’s report excludes support groups from the category of treatment and relegates them to the “recovery support services (RSS)” category.  I threw myself off a cliff into the torturous chasm of untreated abstinence and it took me years to recover my footing.

In 2012, I thought I had contracted a moral problem and hid my secret in shame. In 2016, thanks to Facing Addiction, Maia Szalavitz, the Surgeon General, and other pioneers, I would know I had developed a medical problem – malfunctions identifiable in specific brain structures – and I would take myself to a doctor.

Perhaps those who watch Risky Drinking and take the assessment can help themselves on their own, get early, good help, or do whatever it takes to get help in their locale,  and feel better and do better faster than the people in the film – and than I did – and we can all get on with fully living our beautiful, precious lives.